Ibyingenzi

• Icyemezo cyemeza umutekano no kwizerwa kwa bateri ya aside aside, kugabanya ingaruka nko gushyuha no kumeneka.
• Kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho birinda ababikora ibibazo byamategeko kandi bizamura isoko ryabyo.
• Batteri yemewe yubaka ikizere cyabaguzi, kuko isobanura ubuziranenge no kubahiriza protocole yumutekano.
• Iterambere ry’ibidukikije ritezwa imbere binyuze mu gutanga ibyemezo, gushishikariza uburyo bwo gutunganya no gutunganya ibintu.
• Gukomeza kuvugururwa kumabwiriza ahinduka ningirakamaro kubabikora kugirango bakomeze kubahiriza no kwirinda gutinda bihenze.
• Gufatanya na laboratoire yipimishije yemewe irashobora koroshya inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo no kuzamura ibicuruzwa byizewe.
• Gushora imari mubikorwa byubwishingizi bufite ireme bifasha ababikora gukora bateri zizewe zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa.

Impamvu Icyemezo cya Batiri ya Acide ya Acide ari ngombwa

Guharanira umutekano no kwizerwa

Icyemezo cyemeza ko bateriIcyemezo cyemeza ko baterikuzuza amahame akomeye y’umutekano, kugabanya amahirwe yimpanuka.

Inama Ibisabwa n'amategeko

Amabwiriza abaho kurengera abaguzi n'ibidukikije. Icyemezo cya bateri ya aside irinda kubahiriza aya mahame yemewe. Kurugero, ababikora bagomba kubahiriza amabwiriza abuza ibikoresho bishobora guteza ingaruka mugihe cyo gukoresha cyangwa kujugunya. Nabonye uburyo kutubahiriza amategeko bishobora kuganisha ku bihano cyangwa kwibutsa ibicuruzwa, byangiza izina rya sosiyete. Icyemezo gikora nk'ikimenyetso cyerekana ko bateri yujuje ibyangombwa byose byemewe n'amategeko, bigatuma igurishwa ku masoko atandukanye. Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro kubayikora bagamije kwaguka kwisi yose mugukomeza imyitwarire myiza namategeko.

Gutezimbere Abaguzi Icyizere no Kwamamaza

Iyo nguze ibicuruzwa, nshakisha ibyemezo nkikimenyetso cyiza. Bateri yemewe ya aside aside iha abaguzi ikizere mumutekano wabo, imikorere, nigihe kirekire. Iki cyizere kigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bicuruzwa. Igicuruzwa cyemewe kigaragara ku isoko rihiganwa, gikurura abaguzi benshi no kubaka ubudahemuka. Byongeye kandi, icyemezo gifungura imiryango yubufatanye ninganda zisaba amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, nk’imodoka n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu. Nabonye ko ibigo bifite ibicuruzwa byemewe akenshi bigira izina rikomeye nubusabane bwiza bwabakiriya.

Gushyigikira Kuramba Ibidukikije

Ndabona icyemezo nkumushoferi wingenzi kuriguteza imbere ibidukikijemu nganda za batiri.

Batteri yemewe akenshi yubahiriza ibipimo nkaAmabwiriza ya WEEE, yibanda ku gutunganya neza no gucunga imyanda. Nabonye uburyo ibipimo bisunika ababikora gukora bateri byoroshye gutunganya. Ibi bigabanya ibibazo byumutungo kamere kandi bigabanya imyanda. Kurugero, bateri zemewe akenshi zirimo ibimenyetso bisobanutse kugirango bayobore abakoresha uburyo bwiza bwo kujugunya.

Ndaha agaciro kandi uburyo icyemezo gishyigikira kubahiriza amabwiriza nkaRoHSkuri bateri ya aside. Uku gusonerwa kwemerera gukoresha sisitemu muri bateri mugihe harebwa ko abayikora bujuje ibisabwa bidukikije. Uku kuringaniza hagati yimikorere no kuramba byerekana akamaro ko gutanga ibyemezo mukurinda isi.

Njye mbona, kwemeza bateri ya aside aside igira uruhare runini mugushinga ejo hazaza harambye. Ifite abahinguzi kubazwa ingaruka z’ibidukikije kandi ishishikariza guhanga udushya twangiza ibidukikije. Muguhitamo ibicuruzwa byemewe, ndumva nizeye ko nshyigikiye ibigo byiyemeje kuramba.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho n’amabwiriza yo kwemeza Bateri ya Acide

ISO 9001: 2015 yo gucunga neza

Ndabona ISO 9001: 2015 nk'ibuye rikomeza imfuruka yo kwemeza ubuziranenge mu gukora bateri ya aside aside. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byibanda kuri sisitemu yo gucunga neza, isaba abayikora gushiraho inzira zihora zitanga ibicuruzwa byizewe. Nabonye uburyo ibigo byubahiriza ISO 9001: 2015 byerekana ubushake bwo gukomeza gutera imbere. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza ko buri ntambwe, uhereye kumasoko y'ibikoresho fatizo kugeza ku nteko ya nyuma, yujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho byiza. Iyo mpisemo bateri yemewe munsi ya ISO 9001: 2015, numva nizeye neza imikorere yayo nigihe kirekire.

IEC 60896-22 kuri Bateri Yihagararaho-Acide

IEC 60896-22 ishyiraho ibisabwa byihariye kuri bateri ya aside-aside ihagaze, cyane cyane ubwoko bugenzurwa na valve. Izi bateri akenshi zikoresha sisitemu zikomeye nkitumanaho no gucana byihutirwa. Ndaha agaciro uburyo iyi ngingo ishimangira umutekano nibikorwa mubihe bitandukanye. Kurugero, ikubiyemo umurongo ngenderwaho wo kugerageza imikorere ya bateri no kuramba. Mugukurikiza IEC 60896-22, abayikora bemeza ko ibicuruzwa byabo bishobora gukora ibisabwa bisaba bitabangamiye kwizerwa. Ibi bimpa amahoro yo mumutima mugihe nkoresha bateri muri sisitemu zingenzi.

Ibipimo by'akarere n'igihugu

UL Icyemezo cyumutekano muri Amerika

Icyemezo cya UL gifite uruhare runini mukurinda umutekano wa bateri ya aside aside muri Amerika Nize ko iki cyemezo gikubiyemo ibizamini bikomeye kugirango wirinde ingaruka nko guhitanwa n amashanyarazi, gushyuha cyane, no kumeneka. Bateri yemewe na UL yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byumutekano, bigatuma ikoreshwa mumazu, mubucuruzi, no mubikorwa byinganda. Iyo mbonye ikimenyetso cya UL ku bicuruzwa, nizera ko cyakozwe neza. Iki cyemezo kiranyemeza ko bateri ifite umutekano wo gukoresha kandi ikurikiza amahame y’umutekano muri Amerika.

CE Kumenyekanisha Iburayi

Ikimenyetso cya CE gikora pasiporo ya bateri ya aside aside ku isoko ryu Burayi. Bisobanura kubahiriza umutekano w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ubuzima, n’ibidukikije. Nshimye uburyo iki cyemezo cyemeza ko bateri zujuje ubuziranenge mugihe zisigaye zishinzwe ibidukikije. Ikimenyetso cya CE cyoroshya ubucuruzi muri EU, butuma ababikora bagera kubantu benshi. Iyo nguze bateri yanditseho CE, nzi ko ihuza namabwiriza yuburayi kandi itanga imikorere yizewe.

Ibidukikije no Gusubiramo Ibipimo

RoHS Gusonerwa Bateri-Acide

Ubusonerwe bwa RoHS butuma hakoreshwa isasu muri bateri ya aside-aside mugihe gikomeza kugenzura ibidukikije. Ndumva ko kuyobora ari ngombwa kugirango bateri zikore neza. Nyamara, ababikora bagomba kubahiriza amabwiriza ya RoHS kugirango bagabanye kwangiza ibidukikije. Uku gusonerwa kuringaniza imikorere no kuramba. Ndaha agaciro uburyo ubu buryo butera inkunga guhanga udushya twangiza ibidukikije bitabangamiye imikorere ya bateri.

Amabwiriza ya WEEE yo gutunganya no kujugunya

Amabwiriza ya WEEE (Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi na elegitoroniki) ateza imbere gutunganya no guta bateri ya aside aside. Nabonye uburyo aya mabwiriza agabanya kwanduza ibidukikije mugukemura neza ibikoresho byangiza nka gurşide na acide sulfurike. Nubwo bateri ya aside-aside ishobora gukoreshwa 99%, bimwe birangirira mumyanda, bikangiza byinshi. Amabwiriza ya WEEE asunika abayikora kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya no kwigisha abakiriya uburyo bwiza bwo kujugunya. Nizera ko iyi mbaraga ishyigikira ibidukikije bisukuye kandi bigabanya ibibazo ku mutungo kamere.

Inganda-Ibipimo byihariye

IEEE 450 yo Kubungabunga no Kwipimisha

Njye mbona IEEE 450 ari ngombwa mugukomeza no kugerageza bateri ya aside-acide. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bitanga umurongo ngenderwaho kugirango barebe ko bateri zikora neza mubuzima bwabo bwose. Ishimangira ubugenzuzi buri gihe, gupima ubushobozi, no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Nabonye uburyo gukurikiza iyi myitozo bifasha kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuvuka hakiri kare, kugabanya ibyago byo gutsindwa bitunguranye.

Kurugero, IEEE 450 irasaba ibizamini byubushobozi burigihe kugirango bapime ubushobozi bwa bateri yo gutanga ingufu mubihe byihariye. Ibi bizamini byerekana niba bateri ishobora kuzuza ibipimo byateganijwe. Ndaha agaciro uburyo ubu buryo buteganya ko bateri zikoreshwa muri sisitemu zikomeye, nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi cyangwa ibikoresho byinganda, bikomeza kwizerwa.

Ibipimo byerekana kandi akamaro ko kubika inyandiko neza. Mugukora ibikorwa byo kubungabunga hamwe nibisubizo byikizamini, nshobora gukurikirana imikorere ya bateri mugihe. Aya makuru amfasha gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubasimbuye cyangwa kuzamura. Nizera ko gukurikiza IEEE 450 bitagura gusa ubuzima bwa bateri ya aside-aside ahubwo binongera umutekano wabo no kwizerwa.

Ibipimo bya NRC kubikoresha bya kirimbuzi

Komisiyo ishinzwe kugenzura ingufu za kirimbuzi (NRC) ishyiraho amahame akomeye ya bateri ya aside-aside ikoreshwa mu mashanyarazi. Ndumva uruhare rukomeye izo bateri zigira mukurinda umutekano mugihe cyihutirwa. Zitanga imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma kuri sisitemu zingenzi, nkuburyo bwo gukonjesha hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura. Kunanirwa kwose muri bateri bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi.

Ibipimo bya NRC byibanda kubushobozi no gupima bateri yo mu cyiciro cya 1E yashizwemo aside-aside. Aya mabwiriza yemeza ko bateri zishobora kwihanganira ibihe bikabije, harimo ubushyuhe bwinshi n’ibiza byibasiwe. Ndashima uburyo aya mahame ashyira imbere umutekano no kwizerwa mubidukikije nkibi.

Kurugero, NRC isaba igeragezwa rikomeye kugirango igenzure ubushobozi bwa bateri yo gukora mukibazo. Ibi bikubiyemo kwigana ibintu-byukuri kugirango dusuzume igihe kirekire kandi neza. Nabonye uburyo ibi bizamini bifasha ababikora gukora bateri zujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano.

Byongeye kandi, NRC ishimangira kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga neza. Mugukurikiza aya mabwiriza, ndashobora kwemeza ko bateri ikora neza mubuzima bwabo bwa serivisi. Nizera ko kubahiriza amahame ya NRC bidashoboka ko habaho uruganda rwose rutanga bateri mu nganda za kirimbuzi. Irerekana ubushake bwumutekano nindashyikirwa murimwe murwego rusaba cyane.

Uburyo bwo Kwemeza Bateri Yayobora Acide

Nizera ko inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo itangirana no gusuzuma neza. Ababikora bagomba kwegeranya no gutondekanya ibyangombwa byose bijyanye nigishushanyo mbonera, ibikoresho, nuburyo bwo gukora bwa bateri ya aside aside. Iyi ntambwe itanga umucyo kandi itanga umusingi wo kubahiriza. Kurugero, ababikora akenshi bategura raporo zirambuye kumiterere ya bateri yimiterere nibiranga umutekano. Izi nyandiko zerekana kubahiriza amahame nkaISO 9001, ishimangira sisitemu yo gucunga neza no gukomeza gutera imbere.

Muri iki cyiciro, Nabonye uburyo ibigo nabyo bisuzuma imikorere yabidukikije. Kwumira kuriISO 14001ibafasha gushyiraho uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga ibidukikije. Ibi byemeza ko ibikorwa byabo bigabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije. Mu kwibanda ku bwiza no kuramba, ababikora bashiraho urwego rwurugendo rwiza rwo kwemeza.

Kwipimisha muri Laboratoire

Kwipimisha bigira uruhare runini mu kwemeza bateri ya aside aside. Nabonye uburyo isesengura rikomeye rya laboratoire ryemeza ko bateri zujuje imikorere nubuziranenge bwumutekano.

Kwipimisha Imikorere Kubikorwa no Kuramba

Igeragezwa ryimikorere risuzuma ubushobozi bwa bateri yo gutanga imbaraga zihoraho mugihe. Ndaha agaciro uburyo iyi ntambwe yemeza imikorere no kuramba kwibicuruzwa. Kurugero, ibizamini akenshi bigereranya imiterere-yisi yo gupima uburyo bateri ikora neza mumitwaro itandukanye. Iyi nzira iremeza ko bateri ishobora gukora ibisabwa bisaba, nko guha ingufu ingufu zisubirwamo cyangwa gutanga imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma mugihe cyabuze.

Ababikora nabo bagerageza ubushobozi bwa bateri mugihe cyo kubaho kwayo. Aya makuru abafasha gutunganya ibishushanyo byabo no kunoza ubwizerwe. Iyo mpisemo bateri yatsinze ikizamini cyimikorere, numva nizeye mubushobozi bwayo bwo guhaza ibyo nkeneye.

Kwipimisha Umutekano Kubushyuhe, Kumeneka, no Kurinda Shock

Igeragezwa ryumutekano ryibanda ku kumenya ingaruka zishobora kubaho, nko gushyuha cyane, kumeneka, cyangwa amashanyarazi. Namenye ko iyi ntambwe ikubiyemo kwerekana bateri mubihe bikabije kugirango irebe ko itekanye kandi ihamye. Kurugero, ibizamini birashobora kwigana ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ingaruka zumubiri kugirango hamenyekane imbaraga za bateri.

Impamyabumenyi nkaULnaVDSsaba ababikora kubahiriza ibipimo bikaze byumutekano. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza ko bateri ishobora gukora neza mubidukikije bitandukanye, harimo amazu, ubucuruzi, hamwe ninganda. Nizera ibicuruzwa byakorewe ibizamini bikomeye kuko bishyira imbere umutekano wabakoresha.

Gusubiramo no kwemeza

Nyuma yo kurangiza ibizamini, ababikora batanga ibyo babonye kugirango bisuzumwe. Ndabona iyi ntambwe nkigenzura rikomeye aho abahanga basuzuma niba bateri yujuje ibipimo byose bijyanye. Kurugero, i Burayi, ibicuruzwa bigomba kubahirizaIkimenyetso cya CEibisabwa kugirango harebwe ibipimo byubuzima, umutekano, n’ibidukikije.

Igikorwa cyo gusuzuma gikubiyemo akenshi kugenzura ibikorwa byinganda. Abagenzuzi b'imari basuzuma ko umusaruro uva hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga neza ibidukikije no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Iyi ntambwe iranyizeza ko uwabikoze agumana ibipimo bihanitse mugihe cyumusaruro wose.

Isubiramo rimaze kurangira, urwego rwemeza rutanga icyemezo. Iyemezwa ryemerera uwabikoze kuranga ibicuruzwa byabo nkuko byemejwe, byerekana kubahiriza abaguzi ninzego zibishinzwe. Nizera ko iyi ntambwe yanyuma itemeza gusa ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa ahubwo inazamura isoko ryayo.

Itangwa ry'impamyabumenyi hamwe na label yo kwinjiza isoko

Ndabona gutanga ibyemezo nkintambwe yanyuma kandi ihesha ingororano mubikorwa. Nyuma yo kuzuza ibisabwa byose, abayikora bahabwa uruhushya rwo gucuruza bateri ya aside irike. Iki cyemezo gikora nkikimenyetso cyicyizere, byerekana ko ibicuruzwa byubahiriza umutekano uhamye, imikorere, nubuyobozi bwibidukikije.

Inzego zemeza, nk'abashinzweISO 9001 or Ikimenyetso cya CE, tanga ibyo byemezo. Kurugero,ISO 9001icyemezo cyemeza ko uwagikoze yashyize mubikorwa sisitemu yo gucunga neza. Ibi bituma habaho iterambere ryiza mubicuruzwa. Nabonye uburyo iki cyemezo gihumuriza abakiriya kubyerekeye kwizerwa no gukomera kwa bateri bagura.

Bimaze kwemezwa, ababikora barashobora gushyira ibicuruzwa byabo hamwe nibimenyetso bijyanye. Ibirango, nkaIkimenyetso cya CEi Burayi, kora nk'ikimenyetso kigaragara cyo kubahiriza. Njye mbona ibi bimenyetso ari ngombwa kubakoresha no mubucuruzi kimwe. Boroshya inzira yo gufata ibyemezo mugaragaza ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge. Kurugero ,.Ikimenyetso cya CEyemeza ko bateri yubahiriza amategeko y’ubuzima, umutekano, no kurengera ibidukikije mu karere k’ubukungu bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.

Rimwe na rimwe, impamyabumenyi yihariye nkaIcyemezo cya VDSbaza no gukina. Iki cyemezo ningirakamaro kuri bateri zikoreshwa mugushakisha umuriro no gutabaza. Iremeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa bikomeye ku isoko ryumutekano. Ndaha agaciro uburyo izi mpamyabumenyi zinyongera zongera kwizerwa ryibicuruzwa mu nganda niche.

Kwandika ntabwo bigirira akamaro abaguzi gusa. Ifungura kandi imiryango kugirango abayikora binjire mumasoko mashya. Ibicuruzwa byemewe byoroha kugera mu turere dufite ibisabwa bikomeye byo kugenzura. Kurugero, bateri hamweIkimenyetso cya CEirashobora kugurishwa muburayi nta kizamini cyinyongera. Ibi byoroshya inzira yinjira kumasoko kandi bizamura abapiganwa kurushanwa.

Nizera ko kurango bikwiye byerekana kandi isosiyete yiyemeje gukorera mu mucyo. Ibirango akenshi birimo amakuru akomeye, nkamabwiriza yo gutunganya cyangwa kuburira umutekano. Ibi biha abakiriya gukoresha no guta ibicuruzwa neza. Kurugero, bateri zubahirizaISO 14001erekana ubwitange bwuwabikoze kubungabunga ibidukikije. Ibi bihuza n'indangagaciro zanjye nkumuguzi ushyira imbere ibikorwa byangiza ibidukikije.

Njye mbona, gutanga ibyemezo no kuranga ibirenze kuba umuhango gusa. Irerekana indunduro yimbaraga zikomeye kugirango ubuziranenge, umutekano, kandi birambye. Iyo mbonye bateri yemewe kandi yanditse neza, numva nizeye mumikorere yayo nibikorwa byimyitwarire inyuma yumusaruro wabyo.

Inzitizi Zisanzwe Muburyo bwo Kwemeza

Kugenda Kumurongo no Guhindura Amabwiriza

Nkunze kubona ko gukurikiza amabwiriza ahinduka numva ari ukuyobora. Ibipimo byemeza kuri bateri ya aside-aside iratandukanye mu turere, kandi bigenda bihindagurika kugirango bikemure umutekano mushya, ibidukikije, nibikorwa bijyanye. Kurugero, amahame nkaIEC 62133vuga ibyangombwa bisabwa byumutekano kuri selile ya kabiri ifunze, ariko kuvugurura aya mabwiriza birashobora guteza urujijo kubabikora. Nabonye ko gukomeza kubahiriza bisaba guhora ukurikirana impinduka zahinduwe.

Amabwiriza amwe, nkayari munsiUburyo bwa EPA 12, 22, na 29, wibande kugenzura ibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga. Aya mategeko agamije kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije, ariko ubunini bwazo burashobora kurenga ababikora. Nizera ko gusobanukirwa ibi bisabwa bigoye bisaba ubuhanga nubutunzi, ibigo bito bishobora kugorana kubigeraho. Hatariho ubuyobozi bukwiye, kugendera kuri aya mabwiriza birashobora gutinza ibyemezo no kwinjiza isoko.

Gukemura Kutubahiriza no Kugerageza Kunanirwa

Kunanirwa kwipimisha akenshi bitera inzitizi zikomeye mugihe cyo gutanga ibyemezo. Nabonye uburyo ibizamini bikomeye, nkibyavuzwe muriIEEE Std 450-2010, menya imikorere idahwitse ya bateri ya aside-acide. Nubwo bimeze bityo, nubwo udukoryo duto duto cyangwa ibintu bidahuye bishobora kuganisha ku kutubahiriza. Kurugero, bateri zirashobora kunanirwa ibizamini byumutekano kubushyuhe cyangwa kumeneka, bisaba ababikora gusubiramo ibishushanyo byabo.

Kutubahiriza ntibidindiza gusa icyemezo; byongera kandi ibiciro. Ababikora bagomba gushora imari mugushushanya no kugerageza ibicuruzwa byabo, bishobora kugabanya ingengo yimari. Nabonye uburyo kunanirwa inshuro nyinshi bishobora kwangiza izina ryikigo, bikagorana kugirirwa ikizere nabaguzi. Gukemura ibyo bibazo bisaba inzira ifatika, harimo ibizamini byabanjirije ibyemezo ndetse ningamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge.

Gucunga Ibiciro n'imbogamizi

Igikorwa cyo gutanga ibyemezo akenshi cyunvikana nkirushanwa ryigihe na bije. Kwipimisha, inyandiko, hamwe no kubahiriza ibisabwa bisaba ishoramari rikomeye ryamafaranga. Kurugero, gukurikiza amahame nkaISO 9001bikubiyemo gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga neza, bushobora kubahenze kubabikora. Nabonye ko ibigo bito, byumwihariko, birwanira gutanga ibikoresho kubisabwa.

Igihe ntarengwa cyongeweho urundi rwego rugoye. Icyemezo kirimo intambwe nyinshi, kuva isuzuma ryambere kugeza ibyemezo byanyuma. Gutinda mubyiciro byose birashobora guhagarika gahunda yumusaruro no gutangiza isoko. Nizera ko kuringaniza ibyo bisaba bisaba gutegura neza no gucunga neza umutungo. Hatariho ingamba zisobanutse, ababikora barashobora gutakaza igihe ntarengwa no gutakaza inyungu zo guhatanira.

Kwemeza Guhuzagurika Kumasoko Yisi yose

Ndabona gukomeza guhuzagurika kumasoko yisi yose kuba kimwe mubintu bitoroshye byo kwemeza bateri. Uturere dutandukanye twubahiriza ibipimo byihariye, bishobora kugora inzira kubakora bagamije kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo mumahanga. Kurugero ,.IEC 62133bisanzwe byerekana ibyangombwa byumutekano bisabwa byugarije selile ya kabiri, mugihe iUburyo bwa EPA 12, 22, na 29wibande kugenzura ibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga. Aya mabwiriza atandukanye arasaba abayakora guhuza inzira zabo kugirango bahuze ibyifuzo byakarere.

Kugirango uhamye, ndizera ko ababikora bagomba gufata inzira yibikorwa. Gushiraho uburyo bukomeye bwo gucunga neza, nkimwe ihujwe naISO 9001, ifasha gutunganya imikorere yumusaruro. Ibi byemeza ko buri bateri yujuje ibipimo bimwe byujuje ubuziranenge, tutitaye aho bigurishwa. Nabonye uburyo ibigo bikurikiza sisitemu bishobora koroshya imikorere yabyo no kugabanya itandukaniro riri hagati yibicuruzwa bigenewe amasoko atandukanye.

Indi ntambwe ikomeye ikubiyemo ibizamini byuzuye. Ibipimo nkaIEEE Std 450-2010kunonosora uburyo bwo kugenzura no kwemeza uburyo bwo gupima kwemeza imikorere ihamye. Mugukurikiza aya mabwiriza, abayikora barashobora kugenzura ko bateri zabo zikora neza mubihe bitandukanye. Ndaha agaciro uburyo ubu buryo bwubaka ikizere mubaguzi ninzego zishinzwe kugenzura isi yose.

Ndabona kandi akamaro ko kuranga ibimenyetso neza no gutanga ibimenyetso. Ibirango nkaIkimenyetso cya CEi Burayi cyangwaIcyemezo cya ULmuri Amerika itanga ibimenyetso bigaragara byerekana ko byubahirijwe. Ibi bimenyetso byoroshya inzira yo gufata ibyemezo kubakoresha no kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge busabwa n’ibidukikije mu turere twabo. Iyo nguze bateri yemewe, numva nizeye ko ikurikiza ibyateganijwe ku isi.

Njye mbona, ubufatanye na laboratoire yipimisha yemewe bigira uruhare runini mugushikira ubudahwema. Izi laboratwari zifite ubuhanga bwo kuyobora amabwiriza akomeye no gukora isuzuma rikomeye. Gufatanya naya mashyirahamwe byemeza ko abayikora bakomeza kugezwaho ibipimo bigenda bihindagurika kandi bagakomeza kubahiriza amasoko yose. Nizera ko iyi ngamba itazamura gusa ibicuruzwa byizerwa ahubwo inashimangira izina ryisosiyete kurwego rwisi.

Guhuriza hamwe kumasoko yisi yose bisaba ubwitange nigenamigambi. Mugushora mubikorwa bisanzwe, ibizamini bikomeye, nubufatanye bwinzobere, ababikora barashobora gutsinda imbogamizi zakarere kandi bagatanga bateri zizewe, zujuje ubuziranenge kwisi yose.

Ibisubizo byo gutsinda imbogamizi

Gufatanya na Laboratoire Yipimishije Yemewe

Nizera ko gukorana na laboratoire yemewe yoroshya inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo. Izi laboratwari zifite ubuhanga bwo gukora isuzuma rikomeye no kwemeza kubahiriza umutekano, imikorere, n’ibidukikije. Kurugero, ibyemezo nka UL, IEC, na CE Kwamamaza bisaba uburyo bwo gupima neza laboratoire yihariye ishobora gutanga. Mugukorana nizi mpuguke, abayikora barashobora kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuvuka hakiri kare no kubikemura mbere yo gutanga ibicuruzwa byabo kugirango babyemeze.

Laboratwari zemewe nazo ziguma zigezweho kumahinduka agezweho. Ubu bumenyi bufasha ababikora guhuza ibicuruzwa byabo nibipimo bigenda bihinduka. Nabonye uburyo ubwo bufatanye bugabanya ibyago byo kutubahiriza kandi byihutisha inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo. Kurugero, mugihe cyo kugerageza UN38.3 yubahiriza, itanga umutekano wa bateri mugihe cyo gutwara, izi laboratoire zikurikiza protocole zikomeye kugirango zigenzure imikorere mubihe bikabije. Uru rwego rwibisobanuro biranyizeza kubyerekeye kwizerwa kwa bateri zemewe.

Byongeye kandi, gufatanya na laboratoire byubaka ikizere hamwe nabaguzi. Igicuruzwa cyageragejwe nikigo cyemewe gitwara kwizerwa kurushaho. Ndaha agaciro uburyo ubwo bufatanye butemera kubahiriza gusa ahubwo binazamura izina ryuwabikoze.

Kugumaho Kuvugurura Impinduka zigenga nubuziranenge

Amabwiriza yo kwemeza bateri ahinduka kenshi. Nabonye uburyo gukomeza kumenyeshwa izi mpinduka bishobora gukora cyangwa guhagarika intsinzi yuwabikoze. Kurugero, ibipimo nka RoHS na CE Marking bikunze kuvugurura umurongo ngenderwaho kugirango bikemure ibibazo bishya by’ibidukikije n’umutekano. Ababikora bananiwe guhangana nubukererwe bwimpanuka mubyemezo cyangwa no kubuza isoko.

Kugirango ukomeze imbere, ndasaba kwiyandikisha mubinyamakuru byinganda no kwinjira mumashyirahamwe yabigize umwuga. Ibikoresho bitanga amakuru mugihe cyimpinduka zubuyobozi. Kurugero, amashyirahamwe nka komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’amashanyarazi (IEC) ahora atangaza ubugororangingo ku bipimo nka IEC 60896-22, byibanda kuri bateri ya aside-aside ihagaze. Mugukurikirana ibivugururwa, ababikora barashobora guhindura inzira zabo.

Nizera kandi gukoresha ikoranabuhanga kugirango nkurikirane impinduka. Ibikoresho nkibikorwa byo gucunga porogaramu bifasha ababikora gukurikirana amabwiriza menshi mu turere dutandukanye. Ubu buryo bugabanya amakosa kandi bukanemeza guhuza ibipimo byisi. Kugumya kumenyesha ntabwo byoroshya ibyemezo gusa ahubwo binashimangira umwanya wikigo ku isoko.

Gushora imari mubikorwa byubwishingizi bukomeye

Ubwishingizi bufite ireme bugira uruhare runini mu gutsinda imbogamizi. Nabonye uburyo ababikora bafite sisitemu yo gucunga neza ireme bahura nimbogamizi nke mugihe cyo kugerageza no gusuzuma. Ibipimo nka ISO 9001: 2015 byibanda ku kamaro k'ibikorwa bihoraho no gukomeza gutera imbere. Mugushira mubikorwa, ababikora barashobora gukora bateri zizewe zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa.

Igikorwa cyiza cyo kwizerwa gitangirana no kugenzura neza kuri buri cyiciro. Kurugero, kugerageza ibikoresho fatizo byera byemeza ko ibicuruzwa byanyuma bikora nkuko byari byitezwe. Igenzura risanzwe hamwe nisuzuma ryimikorere nabyo bifasha kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuvuka hakiri kare. Ndaha agaciro uburyo ubu buryo bugaragara bugabanya amahirwe yo gutsindwa no kutubahiriza.

Gushora imari mumahugurwa y'abakozi birashimangira ubwishingizi bufite ireme. Abakozi bafite ubuhanga basobanukiwe n'akamaro ko gukurikiza amahame kandi bashobora kubona inenge mbere yo kwiyongera. Nabonye uburyo kwibanda ku bwiza bitorohereza gusa ibyemezo ahubwo binongera kunyurwa kwabakiriya. Iyo nguze bateri nuwabikoze hamwe na sisitemu ikomeye yubwishingizi bufite ireme, numva nizeye mumutekano no mumikorere.

Njye mbona, ibisubizo - gufatanya na laboratoire zemewe, gukomeza kugezwaho amabwiriza, no gushora imari mubwishingizi bufite ireme - bitanga umusingi ukomeye wo gutsinda ibibazo byimpamyabumenyi. Borohereza inzira, kugabanya ingaruka, no kubaka ikizere hamwe nabaguzi.

Gukoresha Ubuhanga buva mu bajyanama b'inganda

Nabonye ko abajyanama mu nganda bafite uruhare runini mu koroshya inzira yo kwemeza bateri ya aside-aside. Izi mpuguke zizana uburambe nubumenyi bwihariye kumeza, bifasha ababikora kugendera kumabwiriza akomeye nibisabwa. Ubuyobozi bwabo buteganya ko buri ntambwe yurugendo rwo gutanga ibyemezo ihuza ibipimo byisi nka UL, IEC, na CE Marking.

Abajyanama mu nganda akenshi batangira bakora isuzuma ryuzuye ryimikorere yabakozwe. Bagaragaza icyuho cyubahirizwa kandi bagasaba ibisubizo bifatika. Kurugero, mugihe utegura ibyemezo nka UN38.3, byemeza umutekano wa bateri mugihe cyo gutwara, abajyanama batanga ubushishozi burambuye kuri protocole. Ubu buhanga bugabanya amakosa kandi bugabanya ibyago byo kutubahiriza.

Ndaha agaciro uburyo abajyanama nabo batanga ingamba zihamye kugirango bahuze intego zihariye zo gutanga ibyemezo. Basobanukiwe ningorane zidasanzwe abahinzi bahura nazo mumasoko atandukanye. Kurugero, bafasha ibigo guhuza ibicuruzwa byabo kugirango byuzuze ibipimo byakarere nka KC muri Koreya yepfo cyangwa PSE mubuyapani. Ihinduka ry’imihindagurikire yerekana ko bateri zujuje umutekano n’ibiteganijwe mu nzego zinyuranye zishinzwe kugenzura.

Iyindi nyungu yo gukorana nabajyanama nubushobozi bwabo bwo koroshya inyandiko. Icyemezo gikenera impapuro nyinshi, harimo raporo y'ibizamini hamwe n'amatangazo yubahirizwa. Abajyanama bafasha mugutegura no kwerekana aya makuru neza kandi neza. Inkunga yabo itwara igihe kandi ikarinda gutinda mugihe cyo gusuzuma.

Ati: “Icyemezo cya Batiri gikubiyemo gupima no kugenzura bateri kugira ngo zuzuze umutekano, imikorere, n'ibidukikije.” -Uburyo bwo Kwipimisha Bateri

Nabonye ko abajyanama nabo bakomeza kugezwaho amakuru ahindagurika. Ubu buryo bufatika bufasha ababikora guteganya impinduka no guhindura inzira zabo. Kurugero, mugihe hagaragaye amabwiriza mashya y’ibidukikije muri RoHS, abajyanama bayobora ibigo mugushira mubikorwa ibidukikije bitangiza ibidukikije bitabangamiye imikorere yibicuruzwa.

Njye mbona, gukoresha ubuhanga bwabajyanama mu nganda nishoramari mugutsinda. Ubushishozi bwabo ntabwo bworoshya inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo gusa ahubwo binazamura ubwiza rusange nubwizerwe bwa bateri ya aside-aside. Mugukorana naba banyamwuga, abayikora barashobora kuzana ibyiringiro ibicuruzwa byemewe kumasoko, bakarinda umutekano, imikorere, kandi birambye.

Ingaruka z'icyemezo ku bakora n'abaguzi

Inyungu kubakora

Kunoza Isoko no Kurushanwa

Ndabona ibyemezo nkirembo ryabakora kugirango bagere kumasoko yagutse. Bateri yemewe ya aside-aside yujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga ndetse nakarere, nkaEN 60896-11kuri bateri ihamye igenzurwa na bateri cyangwaEN 60254kuri bateri zikurura. Izi mpamyabumenyi zemeza ko ibicuruzwa byubahiriza umutekano n’ibisabwa, bigatuma byemerwa kugurishwa mu turere dutandukanye. Kurugero, bateri yemejwe munsiIkimenyetso cya CEirashobora kwinjira nta nkomyi ku isoko ry’iburayi nta kizamini cyinyongera. Ibi byoroshya ubucuruzi kandi byagura amahirwe kubabikora.

Icyemezo nacyo cyongera irushanwa. Ibicuruzwa bifite ibyemezo byemewe biragaragara kumasoko yuzuye. Nabonye uburyo abakoresha nubucuruzi bakunda bateri zemewe kuko zizera ubuziranenge bwazo. Abahinguzi bafite ibicuruzwa byemewe bakunze kwamamara kuba indashyikirwa, bikurura abakiriya benshi kandi biteza imbere ubufatanye burambye. Kurugero, inganda nkitumanaho ningufu zishobora gukenerwa zisaba bateri zemewe kugirango zizere imikorere ihamye mubikorwa bikomeye. Kuzuza ibyo bitezwe bishimangira umwanya wuwakoze isoko.

Kugabanya ingaruka zemewe n’amafaranga

Nizera ko icyemezo kigabanya ingaruka zemewe n’amafaranga ku bakora. Kutubahiriza amabwiriza birashobora kuganisha ku bihano, kwibutsa ibicuruzwa, cyangwa no kubuza amasoko amwe. Icyemezo gikora nk'ikimenyetso cyerekana ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa byose bisabwa n'amategeko, bikagabanya ibibazo nkibi. Kurugero, gukurikizaGB T 19638.2kuri bateri ihamye igenzurwa na bateri zifunze zituma hubahirizwa amahame yumutekano, ikarinda abayikora kuburana.

Icyemezo kigabanya kandi ingaruka zamafaranga mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa byizewe. Batteri yatsinze ibizamini bikomeye, nkibyavuzwe muriEN 61056-1, ntibishoboka kunanirwa mugihe cyo gukoresha. Ibi bigabanya garanti yinguzanyo no gusana ibiciro, bizigama ababikora amafaranga mugihe kirekire. Nabonye uburyo gushora mubyemezo bitanga umusaruro mukurinda gusubira inyuma bihenze no kubaka ikizere cyabaguzi.

Inyungu kubaguzi

Ibyiringiro byumutekano, imikorere, no kuramba

Nkumuguzi, ndaha agaciro ibyiringiro bateri zemewe zitanga. Icyemezo cyemeza ko bateri yakorewe ibizamini byinshi kugirango ihuze umutekano n’ibipimo ngenderwaho. Kurugero, ibyemezo nkaULwibande ku gukumira ingaruka nko gushyuha cyane, kumeneka, no guhungabana amashanyarazi. Ibi biranyizeza ko bateri izakora neza mubidukikije bitandukanye.

Batteri yemewe nayo itanga imikorere ihamye no kuramba. Ibipimo nkaEN 60982menya neza ko bateri zigumana imikorere mugihe, nubwo bikenewe. Iyo mpisemo bateri yemewe, ndumva nizeye ko izuzuza ibyo nkeneye nta kunanirwa gutunguranye. Uku kwizerwa ni ngombwa cyane cyane mubikorwa bikomeye, nka sisitemu yo kugarura amashanyarazi cyangwa ibikoresho byubuvuzi.

Icyizere mubikorwa byangiza ibidukikije

Nizera ko icyemezo giteza imbere ibikorwa byangiza ibidukikije, bigirira akamaro abaguzi ndetse nisi. Batteri zemewe zubahiriza amabwiriza nkaWEEEyo gutunganya no kujugunya, kwemeza neza ibikoresho byangiza. Kurugero, bateri ya aside-aside irashobora gukoreshwa 99%, ariko kujugunya nabi birashobora kwangiza ibidukikije. Icyemezo gishishikariza ababikora gukurikiza imikorere irambye, kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije.

Impamyabumenyi nkaRoHSnanone kuringaniza hagati yimikorere no kuramba. Bemerera gukoresha isasu muri bateri mugihe bashimangira kugenzura ibidukikije. Ubu buryo buranyizeza ko bateri ngura yujuje ubuziranenge bwibidukikije bitabangamiye imikorere. Kwandika neza kuri bateri zemewe biranyobora kuburyo bukwiye bwo kujugunywa, byoroshye gutanga umusanzu mubikorwa birambye.

Njye mbona, kwemeza bateri ya aside aside igirira akamaro buri wese ubigizemo uruhare. Inganda zunguka isoko kandi zigabanya ingaruka, mugihe abaguzi bishimira ibicuruzwa byizewe, byizewe, kandi byangiza ibidukikije. Izi nyungu zerekana akamaro ko gutanga ibyemezo mubikorwa bya batiri yumunsi.

Ndabona icyemezo cya bateri ya aside aside ari inzira yingenzi ituma ibyo bicuruzwa byuzuza umutekano, imikorere, nibidukikije. Iyi nzira igirira akamaro abayikora mugukingura amarembo kumasoko yisi no kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa no kutubahiriza. Ku baguzi, yemeza ibicuruzwa byizewe kandi birambye. Kunesha imbogamizi mubyemezo bisaba igenamigambi ryubufatanye nubufatanye ninzobere. Abahinguzi bagomba kwiyemeza ubuziranenge no kubahiriza kugendera kumabwiriza ahinduka neza. Mugushira imbere ibyemezo, ndizera ko dushobora kubaka ikizere, kuzamura umutekano, no guteza imbere kuramba mubikorwa bya batiri.

Ibibazo

Ni izihe mpamyabumenyi zikenewe kuri bateri ya aside-aside?

Nizera ko ibyemezo byingenzi birimoIcyemezo cya UL, Ikimenyetso cya CE, Icyemezo cya IEC, naISO 9001: 2015.

Nigute inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo ikora?

Inzira ikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi. Ubwa mbere, ababikora bakora aisuzuma ryibanzegukusanya inyandiko ku gishushanyo n'ibikoresho.

Kuki ibiciro byicyemezo nibihe bitandukanye?

Ibiciro nigihe ntarengwa biterwa nubwoko bwicyemezo. Kurugero,Icyemezo cya ULirashobora gusaba ibizamini byumutekano byinshi, byongera ibiciro.Icyemezo cya PSEmu Buyapani bifite ibisabwa byihariye bishobora kongera igihe. Nabonye ibyemezo nkaIkimenyetso cya CEbyihuse kubabikora basanzwe bamenyereye ibipimo byuburayi.

Intego ya UN38.3 niyihe ntego?

Iki cyemezo cyemeza umutekano wa bateri mugihe cyo gutwara. Harimo ibizamini nko kwigana ubutumburuke, kunyeganyega, no guhungabana. Ndaha agaciro uburyo byemeza ko bateri zishobora kwihanganira ibihe bikabije bitagize ingaruka. UN38.3 kubahiriza ni ngombwa mu kohereza bateri mu kirere, mu nyanja, cyangwa ku butaka.

Nigute Marking yunguka abayikora?

CE Kwamamaza byoroshya ubucuruzi mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Yerekana kubahiriza umutekano w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ubuzima, n’ibidukikije. Nabonye uburyo iki cyemezo cyemerera ababikora kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo muburayi nta kizamini cyinyongera. Yubaka kandi ikizere cyabaguzi yerekana amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Niki gituma icyemezo cya KC kidasanzwe?

UwitekaKC Markni umwihariko wa Koreya y'Epfo. Iremeza ko bateri zujuje amabwiriza y’umutekano n’igihugu. Hatariho iki cyemezo, ababikora ntibashobora kubona isoko rya koreya yepfo. Njye mbona ari ngombwa kubigo bigamije kwagura isi yose.

Nigute ababikora bakomeza kubahiriza?

Ababikora bagomba kugenzura buri gihe inzira zabo no kuvugurura ibyemezo byabo. Kurugero, amahame nkaISO 9001: 2015bisaba kunoza ubudahwema muri sisitemu yo gucunga neza. Nabonye ko gukomeza kuvugururwa kumahinduka agenga amategeko bifasha ababikora kwirinda kutubahiriza no gukomeza isoko.

Ni irihe tandukaniro ryibanze riri hagati yicyemezo cya UL na IEC?

Icyemezo cya ULyibanze ku bipimo by’umutekano muri Amerika. Harimo ibizamini byo guhagarika amashanyarazi, gushyuha cyane, no kumeneka.Icyemezo cya IEC, kurundi ruhande, ikoreshwa mumahanga kandi ishimangira imikorere no kwizerwa. Nizera ko byombi ari ngombwa, bitewe n'isoko rigenewe.

Kuki inyandiko ari ngombwa mugikorwa cyo gutanga ibyemezo?

Inyandiko itanga gihamya yubahirizwa. Harimo ibisobanuro birambuye kubijyanye na bateri, ibikoresho, nibisubizo byo kugerageza. Inzego zemeza zikoresha aya makuru kugirango zisuzume niba ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge busabwa. Nabonye uburyo inyandiko zuzuye zihutisha gahunda yo gusuzuma no kugabanya gutinda.

Nigute ibyemezo bigira ingaruka kubakoresha?

Icyemezo cyizeza abakoresha umutekano, imikorere, ninshingano z ibidukikije. Kurugero, bateri zemewe zubahiriza amabwiriza yo gutunganya nkaWEEE. Ndumva nizeye kugura ibicuruzwa byemewe kuko byujuje ubuziranenge kandi bishyigikira imikorere irambye.